New York topographic maps

Average elevation: 12 m

The construction of the Erie Canal was a landmark civil engineering achievement in the early history of the United States. When built, the 363-mile (584 km) canal was the second-longest in the world (after the Grand Canal in China). Initially 40 feet (12 m) wide and 4 feet (1.2 m) deep, the canal was expanded…

Average elevation: 177 m

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Average elevation: 629 m

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Average elevation: 81 m

The western edge of the city is flat along the river, and then steeply slopes to higher terrain to the east. The average elevation is 50 feet, with the highest elevation being 500 feet in the eastern part of the city. The city is longer than it is wide, with the southern part wider than the northern section of…

Average elevation: 137 m

Average elevation: 161 m

Average elevation: 404 m

Average elevation: 135 m

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Average elevation: 48 m

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Average elevation: 411 m

New York's wilderness areas must be composed of 10,000 acres (4,000 ha; 40 km2) of contiguous land, twice the federal standard. Land is to be left as "untrammeled by man" and as close to its natural state as possible, offering outstanding opportunities for solitude. No artificially-powered devices are…

Average elevation: 501 m

Average elevation: 412 m

Average elevation: 558 m

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Average elevation: 1,189 m

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Average elevation: 116 m

Average elevation: 2 m

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Average elevation: 269 m

Average elevation: 161 m

Only a small creek (Irondequoit Creek) flows in what is left of this large paleogeologic valley. The area of the lower river was also affected. Since the earth rebounded from the melting glaciers more rapidly in Canada than in New York, water from Lake Ontario was spilled over New York due to its lower…

Average elevation: 397 m

Average elevation: 362 m

Average elevation: 42 m

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Average elevation: 179 m

Average elevation: 56 m

Average elevation: 281 m

Average elevation: 563 m

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Average elevation: 356 m

Average elevation: 116 m

Average elevation: 447 m

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Average elevation: 763 m

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Average elevation: 100 m

Because of their abrupt, hilly topography, pedestrian navigation in Upper Manhattan is facilitated by many step streets. The longest of these in Washington Heights, at approximately 130 stairs and with an elevation gain of approximately 65 feet, connects Fort Washington Avenue and Overlook Terrace at 187th…

Average elevation: 25 m

Average elevation: 23 m

Average elevation: 433 m

Average elevation: 554 m

Average elevation: 69 m

The city's land has been altered substantially by human intervention, with considerable land reclamation along the waterfronts since Dutch colonial times; reclamation is most prominent in Lower Manhattan, with developments such as Battery Park City in the 1970s and 1980s. Some of the natural relief in…

Average elevation: 15 m

Average elevation: 418 m

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Average elevation: 244 m

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Average elevation: 423 m